System for filtering liquid

ABSTRACT

There is provided a system for filtering liquid. The system comprises a liquid storage reservoir and a liquid inlet reservoir. The system further comprises a filter receiving portion configured to receive a filter, such that, in use, a filter is provided between said liquid inlet reservoir and said liquid storage reservoir and is, in use, configured to filter liquid passing from the liquid inlet reservoir to the liquid storage reservoir along a first liquid flow path. The system further comprises second liquid flow path from the liquid inlet reservoir to the liquid storage reservoir which by-passes said filter.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION DATA

This present application claims priority to GB Patent Application No. 1817951.5, filed Nov. 2, 2018; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/622,225, filed Jan. 26, 2018, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a system for filtering liquid. More particularly, but not exclusively, the present invention relates to a system for filtering liquid for use in a beverage preparation system, such as a chilled beverage preparation system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It has long been known to provide filtration for water used in beverage preparation systems, so as to ensure an optimal quality of water is provided to a user. For example, many water dispensing devices which are connected to a mains supply of water are provided with an inline filter so as to ensure that all water that is dispensed has been filtered. The water filtration step may provide a rate limiting step such that the rate at which water can be dispensed is limited by the rate of filtration, rather than by the mains supply.

Alternatively, filter jugs which include a filter are commonly used to provide a convenient source of pre-filtered water. Typically, a filter jug is filled via an inlet with water passing from the inlet through a filter into a main storage region. Water can then be tipped out of the main region of the jug as required. It will be appreciated, however, that the speed at which water is filtered can provide a limiting step in such an arrangement such that it takes some time to fill a jug with filtered water. Moreover, once the jug is depleted it takes time to re-fill the jug. Further still, it may be necessary to frequently top up the jug so as to ensure a ready supply of water. It will be understood that in some such arrangements the jug will only ever be configured to store around half the full volume of water in the filtered section, a significant portion of the jug's overall volume being required to provide temporary storage of water that has not been filtered.

In a further alternative system pre-filtered water is provided in large storage containers which are connected to a dispensing apparatus. Such configurations may include a chilling element so as to chill the water before it is dispensed. However, it would be understood that such an arrangement requires the delivery of large volumes of water in pre-sealed containers, rather than relying on the local supply of mains drinking water.

Chilling systems for known beverage dispensing systems may occupy large volumes of space, and may consume significant amounts of energy.

Additionally, filtered water may be provided in single-use plastic bottles. Such an arrangement also requires the delivery of large volumes of water in pre-sealed containers, rather than relying on the local supply of mains drinking water, while also generating a significant volume of waste plastic which must be disposed of.

It will be understood therefore that there is a need for an improved system for filtering liquid for drinking which overcomes one or more of the disadvantages associated with the known systems described above or otherwise. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide such an improved system for filtering liquid.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for filtering liquid. The system comprises a liquid storage reservoir and a liquid inlet reservoir. The system further comprises a filter receiving portion configured to receive a filter, such that, in use, a filter is provided between said liquid inlet reservoir and said liquid storage reservoir and is, in use, configured to filter liquid passing from the liquid inlet reservoir to the liquid storage reservoir along a first liquid flow path. The system further comprises second liquid flow path from the liquid inlet reservoir to the liquid storage reservoir which by-passes said filter.

The system for filtering liquid may be for use in a beverage preparation system. The liquid storage reservoir may be for storing a liquid for beverage preparation.

By providing a liquid inlet reservoir liquid can be filtered as it passes to the storage reservoir. However, while the input water flow rate may be greater than can be processed by the filter, the second fluid flow path allows water to bypass the filter, so as to prevent spillage.

It will, of course, be appreciated that the system may be provided with a filter within said filter receiving portion. Alternatively, the filter may be provided separately.

The inlet reservoir may be configured to receive a liquid to be filtered.

The inlet reservoir may, for example, comprise an inlet aperture to enable a liquid (e.g. water) to be provided into the inlet reservoir from where it can pass (via the first and/or second liquid flow path) to the storage reservoir.

The system may further comprise an outlet of the liquid storage reservoir and an inlet to the liquid inlet reservoir. A liquid circulation path may be defined from said outlet to said inlet.

The system may be configured to cause liquid to circulate along the liquid circulation path from the outlet to the inlet. By providing continuous circulation of liquid from the storage reservoir to the inlet reservoir, it is possible to gradually filter all of the liquid, while the bypass channel avoids the need to wait to use liquid newly added to the reservoir until it has all been filtered. In this way, the system can be used immediately after filling, while still providing for full filtration (albeit after some delay).

The system may further comprise a circulation device configured to cause liquid to circulate along the liquid circulation path from the outlet to the inlet. The circulation device may comprise a pump.

The inlet reservoir may be configured to allow liquid to pass along the second flow path if an inlet flow rate exceeds a filter flow rate. The inlet flow rate may be defined as the rate of liquid entering the inlet reservoir (e.g. by being externally filed, and/or by liquid being introduced from the liquid recirculation path). The filter flow rate may be defined as the rate of liquid exiting the inlet reservoir via the first flow path (i.e. the rate at which liquid passes through the filter).

The inlet reservoir may be configured to allow liquid to pass along the second flow path if an inlet reservoir liquid level exceeds a predetermined inlet reservoir liquid level. The second liquid flow path may be configured as an over-flow path. In this way, the second flow path may be selected passively, rather than requiring any moveable components (e.g. valves) to be controlled. This provides a fail-safe arrangement, such that if power fails, the over-flow path will still be effective in avoiding excess water introduced to the inlet reservoir from spilling (provided, of course, that the storage reservoir is not also full).

The filter may be configured to allow liquid to filter through the filter along the first liquid flow path under the effect of gravity. By providing a passive gravity driven filter, the need for any electrical power supply, or actuating components within close proximity to the filter assembly may be reduced, or even avoided entirely. The filter will also continue to work if any power supply to the system is removed (or if the reservoir is removed from a larger system of which it is a part). The inlet reservoir may be provided at an upper end of the storage reservoir in a normal orientation.

In this way, the inlet reservoir can allow liquid to pass to the storage reservoir, e.g. by overflowing, under the influence of gravity, rather than by needing any drive means (e.g. a pump) to cause liquid to flow along the first and/or second flow paths.

The system may further comprise a thermal management device configured to control a temperature of a liquid contained within the storage reservoir. The thermal management device may comprise a chilling device.

The thermal management device may be configured to manage the temperature of liquid passing along the liquid circulation path. The thermal management device may be provided within said liquid circulation path. The thermal management device may define a portion of the liquid circulation path.

The system may further comprise a pump configured to cause liquid to flow from the outlet, through a portion of the thermal management device, and to return to the inlet, via the liquid circulation path.

The thermal management device may be provided external to, but in fluid communication with said storage reservoir. The thermal management device may comprise a Peltier element. The thermal management device may comprise one or more heat exchangers and/or a fan.

The thermal management device may comprise a cooling assembly. The cooling assembly may comprise a cooling block which defines a portion of the liquid circulation path. The cooling block may comprise a cold side heat exchanger, being configured to reduce the temperature of water flowing along the liquid circulation path. The cooling block may be provided adjacent to a cold side of a Peltier element.

The cooling assembly may comprise a hot side heat exchanger, being configured to transfer heat away from water flowing along the liquid circulation path. The hot side heat exchanger may be provided adjacent to a hot side of the Peltier element. The hot side heat exchanger may comprise a plurality of fins. The hot side heat exchanger may be referred to as a radiator. A fan may be configured to cause air to flow over said hot side heat exchanger so as to transfer heat away from the fins.

The system may further comprise a temperature monitor configured to generate data indicative of a temperature of liquid within the storage reservoir. The temperature monitor may comprise a temperature sensor configured to sense a temperature of liquid within the liquid circulation path.

The system may further comprise a filtration monitor configured to generate data indicative of a filtration status of liquid within the storage reservoir.

The filtration monitor may generate said data indicative of a filtration status of liquid within the storage reservoir based upon secondary data. For example, the data indicative of a filtration status may be generated based upon data indicative of a temperature and/or a temperature change of liquid within the storage reservoir. A known relationship may exist between the rate of cooling of the liquid, and the rate of filtration. As such, by monitoring the temperature, it may be possible to generate data indicative of the filtration status indirectly.

The system may further comprise a filter monitor configured to generate data indicative of a status of a filter within the filter receiving portion.

The filter monitor may generate an indication that a filter has exceeded an expected filter lifetime.

The system may further comprise a liquid level monitor configured to generate data indicative of a level of liquid within the storage reservoir.

The liquid level monitor may comprise a pressure sensor configured to monitor the pressure of liquid within the liquid circulation path. Since the liquid circulation path is in fluid communication with the storage reservoir, it is possible to determine the liquid level within the reservoir based upon the pressure of the liquid within the liquid circulation path.

The inlet reservoir may be configured to be removably received within the storage reservoir. Alternatively, the inlet reservoir may and the storage reservoir are configured as parts of a single reservoir. The inlet reservoir may comprise a sub-region of the storage reservoir.

The filter may be removable. The filter may comprise a carbon filter. By making the filter removable, replacement of the filter can be performed. For example, a filter may require replacement after a predetermined time period, or after a predetermined volume of liquid has been filtered in order to maintain optimal operation. The system may comprise a filter housing configured to receive a filter.

At least one of the storage reservoir and the inlet reservoir may be an insulated reservoir. By providing insulation for the or each reservoir, it is possible to maintain the liquid contained therein at a temperature other than the ambient temperature (e.g. a chilled temperature).

The outlet of the liquid storage reservoir may comprise a valve. By providing the outlet with a valve, it is possible to separate the reservoir from components of the liquid circulation path without the contents of the reservoir from leaking from the outlet.

The inlet of the inlet reservoir may comprise a valve. By providing the inlet with a valve, it is possible to separate the reservoir from components of the liquid circulation path without any contents of the inlet reservoir from leaking from the inlet.

The storage reservoir may be separable at least one other component of the system. Said at least one other component may comprise one or more of: a pump, a liquid conduit comprising part of the liquid circulation path, a valve, and a thermal management device.

The system may comprise a reservoir receiving location and may further comprise an outlet assembly configured to engage with an outlet of the storage reservoir when the storage reservoir is provided at a said reservoir receiving location.

The system may further comprise an inlet assembly configured to engage with an inlet of the inlet reservoir when the inlet reservoir is provided at a said reservoir receiving location. The outlet assembly and/or the inlet assembly may comprise a valve.

The system may further comprise one or more controllable valves, configured to be controlled so as to dispense a liquid from the liquid storage reservoir. The system may comprise a controller configured to control said one or more controllable valves. The system may comprise a controller configured to control said pump.

According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided a beverage preparation system comprising a filtration system according to the first aspect of the invention. The storage reservoir may be for storing a liquid for beverage preparation.

The beverage preparation system may further comprise a dispensing assembly for dispensing a beverage preparation ingredient.

The beverage preparation system may be configured to dispense a beverage preparation ingredient and a volume of liquid from the reservoir to prepare a beverage. The volume of liquid may comprise a predetermined volume.

The beverage preparation system may further comprise a mixing assembly configured to mix the beverage preparation ingredient with the dispensed liquid to form a mixed beverage.

The beverage preparation system may be further configured to dispense said mixed beverage into a vessel.

The system may comprise a controller configured to control said mixing assembly. The controller may be configured to dispensing assembly.

According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a beverage preparation system comprising a liquid storage reservoir comprising an outlet and an inlet, a liquid circulation path being defined from said outlet to said inlet and a thermal management assembly configured to control a temperature of a liquid passing along said liquid circulation path.

The thermal management assembly may be provided within said liquid circulation path. The thermal management assembly may define a portion of the liquid circulation path. The system may be configured to cause liquid to circulate along the liquid circulation path from the outlet to the inlet. The beverage preparation system may further comprise a pump configured to cause liquid to flow from the outlet, through a portion of the thermal management assembly, and to return to the inlet, via the liquid circulation path.

By providing continuous circulation of liquid from the storage reservoir to the inlet reservoir, it is possible to gradually cool all of the liquid. In this way, the system can be used immediately after filling with un-cooled water, while still providing for full cooling (albeit after some delay).

The thermal management assembly may comprise a Peltier element.

The thermal management assembly may comprise a heat exchanger. The thermal management assembly may comprise an air circulation device configured to cause air to flow across said heat exchanger.

The thermal management assembly may comprise a cooling assembly. The cooling assembly may comprise a cooling block which defines a portion of the liquid circulation path. The cooling block may comprise a cold side heat exchanger, being configured to reduce the temperature of water flowing along the liquid circulation path.

The cooling block may be thermally coupled to a cold side of a Peltier element. In this way, thermal energy is transferred away from liquid flowing through the cooling block by the Peltier cooling element.

The heat exchanger may be thermally coupled to a hot side of the Peltier element. In this way, thermal energy can be transferred away from the Peltier element by the heat exchanger.

A conventional cooling system may use water as a heat exchange medium to transfer heat away from the hot side of a Peltier cooling element, the cold side of which is coupled component to be cooled (e.g. a computer processor). However, the present invention instead uses the cooling element to cool the water itself. Thus, the reversal of the Peltier cooling element allows the cold side to be used to cool the water (rather than heat the water) with a further hot-side heat exchanger being provided to remove excess heat.

The cooling assembly may comprise a hot side heat exchanger, being configured to transfer heat away from water flowing along the liquid circulation path. The hot side heat exchanger may be provided adjacent to a hot side of the Peltier element. The hot side heat exchanger may comprise a plurality of fins. The hot side heat exchanger may be referred to as a radiator. A fan may be configured to cause air to flow over said hot side heat exchanger so as to transfer heat away from the fins.

The beverage preparation may further comprise a temperature monitor configured to generate data indicative of a temperature of liquid within the liquid circulation path and/or the storage reservoir.

The beverage preparation system may further comprise a dispensing outlet configured to dispense liquid from the liquid storage reservoir. The beverage preparation system may further comprise a liquid dispensing path from said outlet to said dispensing outlet.

The liquid dispensing path may coincide with the liquid circulation path for a portion of each path.

Features of the beverage preparation system of the second aspect of the invention may be combined features of the first aspect of the invention. In particular, the filtration system may be used in conjunction with the cooling assembly.

According to a further aspect of the invention there is provided a method of filtering liquid. The method comprises, providing a liquid filtering system comprising a liquid storage reservoir, and a liquid inlet reservoir. The liquid filtering system further comprises a filter receiving portion configured to receive a filter. The method comprises providing a filter between said liquid inlet reservoir and said liquid storage reservoir. The method further comprises filtering, by the filter, liquid passing from the liquid inlet reservoir to the liquid storage reservoir along a first liquid flow path. The method further comprises providing a second liquid flow path from the liquid inlet reservoir to the liquid storage reservoir which by-passes said filter.

According to a yet further aspect of the invention there is provided a method of storing liquid comprising storing liquid in a liquid storage reservoir comprising an outlet and an inlet. The method further comprises passing liquid along a liquid circulation path being defined from said outlet to said inlet. The method further comprises, providing a thermal management assembly configured to control a temperature of a liquid passing along said liquid circulation path.

The method may further comprise filtering liquid as it passes along said liquid circulation path. The method may further comprise dispensing liquid from the liquid storage reservoir.

It will be appreciated that features described in the context of one aspect of the invention may be combined with features described in the context of other aspects of the invention.

For example, the methods described above may include features relating to the operation of any of the systems described above.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of non-limiting example with reference to the attached drawings in which:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic drawing of a beverage preparation system according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the beverage preparation system of FIG. 1;

FIGS. 3a-3c show part cutaway views of a beverage preparation system of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4a shows a perspective view of a cooling assembly which is provided within the beverage preparation system of FIG. 1 in more detail;

FIG. 4b shows an exploded view of components of the cooling assembly shown in FIG. 4 a;

FIG. 5 shows a graph illustrating the performance of the cooling assembly shown in FIGS. 4a and 4 b;

FIG. 6 shows a cooling element;

FIGS. 7a and 7b show a chiller block;

FIG. 8 shows a chiller tank;

FIG. 9 shows a complete chiller tank and a cutaway chiller tank;

FIG. 10 shows images of a computer processor cooling system;

FIG. 11 shows a schematic view of a chilled water system;

FIG. 12 shows another schematic view of a chilled water system;

FIG. 13 shows the time taken to cool water with a cooler;

FIG. 14 shows a test assembly;

FIGS. 15a to 15d show pictures of a heat sink, fan, blower and chiller block; and

FIGS. 16 to 25 show various steps in a mix and dispense process.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In more detail, FIG. 1 shows a beverage preparation apparatus 100 comprising a water storage reservoir assembly 102, a dispensing assembly 104, and a mixing chamber 106. As discussed in more detail below, the reservoir assembly 102 is connected to the dispensing assembly 104 so as to provide a water supply. In use, a vessel 110 (e.g. a cup or bottle) is provided to receive a dispensed beverage below the mixing chamber 106. A pod 120 containing a beverage preparation ingredient is provided within the dispensing assembly 104. In use, water is dispensed into the mixing chamber so as to mix with the beverage preparation ingredient before being mixed and dispensed into the vessel 110. The beverage preparation apparatus 100 may, for example, comprise a countertop beverage dispenser, or other equivalently small and/or portable unit.

Referring now to FIG. 2, the reservoir assembly 102 comprises a main reservoir 112, an inlet portion 114, the inlet portion comprising an inlet reservoir 115, a filter receiving portion 116 and a filter 118. The main reservoir 112 may be referred to as a storage reservoir. The main reservoir 112 is surrounded by a layer of insulation 121. The main reservoir 112 has an outlet 122 and an inlet 124. The outlet is provided at the base of the reservoir 112. The inlet 124 is also provided at the base of the reservoir 112, but is connected by an inlet tube 123 to an inlet opening 125 which allows water to pass into the inlet reservoir 115. The inlet reservoir 115 is itself disposed at the top of the main reservoir 112. The outlet 122 and the inlet 124 are connected to the dispensing assembly 104 and the mixing chamber 106 by a liquid delivery system 126.

The liquid delivery system comprises a pump 128, a cooling assembly 130, a first valve 132, a second valve 134, a dispensing nozzle 136, a bypass dispensing nozzle 138 and a pressure sensor 140. Various components of the liquid delivery assembly are connected by pipes 142 which define a number of liquid circulation paths. The pump may, for example be a food grade pump having a 12 V DC voltage supply, and supporting a maximum flow rate of up to around 600 litres per hour. A suitable pump may be LGBL39-05-B pump, as manufactured by Dongguan Greene Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China. The first and second valves 132, 134 may, for example, be 3-way solenoid controlled valves such as a valve operating at 12 V DC, which supports a water flow rate of around 0.5-1.0 litres per minute. A suitable value may be a DSF3-A, as manufactured by Shenzhen Deyuxin Technology Co. Ltd., of Shenzhen, China.

The reservoir assembly 102 will now be described in more detail. As described briefly above the reservoir comprises a main reservoir 112 and an inlet portion 114. The inlet portion 114 is a separate component from the main reservoir 112 and is, in use, inserted into the main reservoir at the top so as to occupy the upper extent of the main reservoir 112.

The filter housing 116 is provided below the inlet reservoir 115 and is configured to receive the filter 118. When assembled, as shown in FIG. 2, the filter 118 is provided at the lower end of the inlet portion 114 between the inlet reservoir 115 and the main part of the main reservoir 112. A number of apertures 119 are provided in the filter housing 116, so as to provide fluid pathways between the inlet portion 114 via the filter 118 and through the apertures 119 into the main reservoir 112. A further aperture 117 is provided in the side of the inlet portion 114. This aperture 117 is provided above the level of the filter 118 and provides a fluid pathway directly between the inlet reservoir 115 and the main reservoir 112.

The top of the inlet portion 114 is open so as to provide access to the filter housing 116 of the inlet portion, and to allow water to be poured into the inlet reservoir 115. As mentioned above, the inlet 124 (via inlet tube 123 and inlet opening 125) also provides a second inlet into the inlet portion 114.

The main reservoir 112 is vertically arranged such that it has a height which is greater than its width or depth. The volume of the main reservoir 112 may for example be around 2 litres, with a height of around 300 millimetres. The inlet portion 114, and in particular the inlet reservoir 115 occupies around 500 millilitres of the internal volume of the main reservoir 112, the volume occupied by the inlet reservoir 115 occupying the upper 500 millilitres of the full volume of the main reservoir 112. The filter housing 116 extends from the lower end of the inlet reservoir 115 into the remaining volume of the main reservoir 112.

A first liquid circulation path will now be described with reference to FIG. 2. The first liquid circulation path P1 begins at the outlet 122 of the main reservoir 112 and passes along a section of pipe 142 a to the pressure sensor 140. From the pressure sensor 140 a second portion of pipe 142 b provides a pathway to the pump 128. From the pump 128 a third section of pipe 142 c provides a connection to an inlet 132 a of the first valve 132. A further section of pipe 142 d connects a first outlet 132 b of the valve 132 to an inlet 134 a of the second valve 134. A further portion of pipe 142 e connects an outlet 134 b of the valve 134 to an inlet 130 a of the cooling assembly 130. A further portion of pipe 140 f connects an outlet 130 b of the cooling assembly 130 to the inlet 124, which is in turn connected by inlet tube 123 to the opening 125 of the inlet reservoir 115.

The above described components together define a first fluid liquid pathway P1 from the outlet 122 of the reservoir 112 to the inlet opening 125 of the inlet reservoir 115. The first pathway P1 may also be referred to as a recirculation path.

A second liquid flow path P2 is defined by a portion of pipe 142 g which extends from a second outlet 132 c of the valve 132 to the bypass dispensing nozzle 138. A third liquid path P3 extends from a second outlet 134 c of the second valve 134 to the dispensing nozzle 136.

In use, water is caused to flow along the pathways P1, P2 and P3 under control of the pump 128 and the valves 132, 134. These components are in turn controlled by a controller 144, which may for example be provided by a micro-controller or other form of processing hardware (e.g. ASIC, FPGA, general purpose processor).

When activated, the pump 128 causes liquid to flow into the outlet 122 from the reservoir 112 in the direction towards the first valve 132. When the first valve 132 is activated so as to provide an open pathway between the first inlet 132 a and the first outlet 132 b, the liquid can continue to flow along the pipe 142 d into the inlet 134 a of the second valve 134. Again, providing the second valve 134 is in the correct configuration (and under the control of the controller 144) a pathway is provided from the inlet 134 a to the first outlet 134 b. From there the liquid can flow along the pipe 142 e through the cooling assembly 130 and finally along the pipe 140 f and into the inlet 124, and then via inlet tube 123 to the opening 125 of the inlet reservoir 115.

In this way, liquid from the main reservoir 112 can be circulated along the pathway P1 and provided into the inlet reservoir 115 of the reservoir assembly 102. Once liquid has been provided into the reservoir 115 of the inlet portion 114, the liquid can either flow downwards under the influence of gravity through the filter 118 and through the apertures 119 in the filter housing and back into the main reservoir 112 along a first liquid flow path, which may also be referred to as a filter path PF. Alternatively, if the volume of liquid contained within the reservoir 115 of the inlet portion 114 is sufficiently high that the liquid level is above the lower edge of the aperture 117, the liquid can flow directly from the reservoir 115 into the main reservoir 112. This alternative pathway may be referred to as a second liquid flow path, which may also be referred to as a bypass flow path PB.

That is, when the pump 128, and valves 132 and 134 are operated together so as to recirculate liquid from the main reservoir 112 into the inlet reservoir 115, the liquid is caused to flow through the filter 118. However, if the flow rate of the filter 118 is sufficiently slow that the flow rate of the pump exceeds the capacity of the filter to filter the incoming liquid, the bypass flow path PB ensures that the inlet reservoir 115 does not become overfull. In this way the liquid contained within the main reservoir 112 may be continuously recirculated and filtered so as to gradually improve the quality of the water. That is, each time the water is passed through the filter 118 particles and impurities contained within the water will be filtered out. Once the water has been filtered it is again returned to the main reservoir 112 where it will mix with the remaining water.

It will be understood that while it cannot be guaranteed that every water molecule contained within the reservoir 112 has been filtered at any given time, the continual filtering process will result in an increasing portion of the water having been filtered as time passes. Depending on the flow rate of the pump 128, and the volume of liquid in the main reservoir 112, after a predetermined period of time the water may be considered to be effectively filtered. A typical pump flow rate may, for example, be around 100 to 800 litres per hour.

In order to refill the main reservoir 112, the reservoir assembly 102 may be removed from the dispensing apparatus 100. The reservoir assembly 102 may be transported to a suitable filling station (such as a tap) and water may be poured into the inlet portion 114. It will be understood that the fill rate of water may well exceed the filtration rate of the filter 118. If this is the case then water will overflow from the inlet portion 114 via the bypass aperture 117 into the main reservoir 112. Of course, some water may be filtered by the filter 118 during filling. However, it is likely that if a high fill rate is used, a majority of the water within the main reservoir 112 after the filling operation will not have been filtered at all. When the reservoir assembly 102 is replaced onto the dispensing apparatus 100 the recirculation path P1 can be used to circulate the water through the filter 118 so as to provide filtration for the full contents of the reservoir 112.

In order to prevent spillage or leakage when the reservoir assembly 102 is removed from the apparatus 100, valves may be provided at the inlet 124 at both sides of the adjoining parts. For example, a valve may be provided in the pipe 142 a so as to prevent any liquid contained within the pipe from flowing back when the reservoir assembly 102 is removed. Similarly, an inlet valve may be provided at the end of the pipe 140 f so as to prevent water contained within that section of pipe from flowing out of the pipe when the reservoir assembly 102 is removed. Valves may also be provided at each of the inlet and outlet on the removable part of the reservoir assembly 102, so as to prevent any water contained within the reservoirs 112, 115 from leaking out when the assembly 102 is removed, filled or replaced. These valves may be configured to automatically seal as the reservoir assembly is removed (rather than being controlled by the controller—although that is also possible).

FIGS. 3a to 3c show part cutaway views of the apparatus 100 in more detail, showing the configuration of the inlet and outlet ports 122, 124 within the reservoir assembly 102.

A sensor may be provided within the main body of the apparatus 100 so as to detect whether or not the reservoir assembly 102 has been removed. An output of such a sensor may be used to control the pump 128, so as to ensure that the pump 128 is not operating when the reservoir assembly 102 has been removed. Of course, an alternative mechanism can also be used. For example, the pump may be configured to detect a drop in pressure within the pipe 142 b from the reservoir to the pump 128 when the reservoir assembly 102 has been removed and the valve provided at the end of the pipe 132 a is sealed so as to prevent air entering the pipe 142 b. The pump 128 may be restarted once the reservoir assembly 102 has been replaced so as to begin filtration of the water.

In normal operating conditions, the pump 128 may be operated continuously apart from when the reservoir assembly 102 is removed or when power is turned off to the apparatus 100. The continuous operation of the filter, as described above, would be understood to reduce the concentration of various impurities contained within the water provided in the reservoir 112. For example, the filter may be operable to reduce the level of various components such as, for example, sodium, manganese, iron, chlorides, sulphates, and nitrates. Table 1 below illustrates typical values associated with the number of different water quality measures (including impurity concentrations) when water has been passed through a filter once, as compared to it when it has been passed through a filter a number of times. For each of these examples, the filter used is the same, and is a Brita purple filter, as manufactured by BRITA GmbH, based in Taunusstein, Germany.

TABLE 1 test results for single pass filtration and multiple pass filtration Brita purple 1 Brita Purple Bottle ID pass circulated Type well well Mn 0.010  0.0002 Fe 0.001 ND Na 49.05 16.78  Chloride 168 43.5  NO3 0.93 ND SO4 11.6 0.15 Hardness 60 ND Color 5 5   Odor 0 0   pH 6.34 5.55 Turbidity 1.6 0.16

It can be seen that the concentration (in mg/I) of several components (notably manganese, iron, sodium, nitrates and sulphates) is significantly reduced after circulation, as compared to when the water is passed through a filter single time. Similarly, hardness, pH, and turbidity are also reduced after circulation.

As such, rather than risking not providing filtration to some portion of water, the above described process will be understood to provide effective filtration.

It will, of course, be appreciated that the type of filter used, and the impurities which are targeted for removal may vary depending on various factors (e.g. local water quality, type of beverage to be dispensed, expected volume of water to be used etc.).

In addition to the reduction of various contaminants or impurities within the water, continuous filtration as described above may also be effective to improve the quality of water by promoting increased oxygenation. For example, the continuous movement at the surface of the water within the reservoir 112 as water is passed through the filter 118, or through the bypass aperture 117, back into the main reservoir 112 causes oxygen to be incorporated into the water. Furthermore, the continuous circulation of water, and in particular the removal of water from the bottom of the reservoir assembly 102 and reintroduction of water to the top of the reservoir assembly 102, causes mixing of the water within the reservoir 112, thereby ensuring that the oxygenated water which would otherwise tend to be concentrated at the top of the reservoir 112 is distributed throughout the reservoir 112, thereby ensuring good quality water is available for dispensing drinks.

It will be further understood that the aeration of water (which is promoted by the turbulent mixing of water upon re-entry to the reservoir 112 as described above) has been known to improve the taste of the water. For example, it is believed that the aeration of water may promote the removal of sulphur compounds dissolved within the water, resulting in an improved taste.

It will be understood that the benefits associated with filtration and aeration/oxygenation will be maximised when the water contained within the reservoir 112 has been circulated a number of times around the fluid path P1. However, it will also be understood that at times of peak need, or when the reservoir 112 has been depleted and then refilled it will be possible to use the apparatus 100 to dispense a beverage immediately, without waiting for the entire contents of the reservoir 112 to have been filtered by a relatively slow filter. In this way, the above described configuration provides for a system which enables both immediate access to water, and also access to high quality (i.e. filtered) water, if it is possible to wait for a period of time so that the filtration process can operate.

It will also be understood that the performance of the filter 118 may degrade over time. For example, the continuous operation of the pump 128 will result in the filter being constantly exposed to new water. While the water will gradually become more filtered over time, thus resulting less being filtered out from the water during each pass through the filter, the continued operation of the water will be likely to cause some degradation of the performance of the filter 118. Moreover, each time the reservoir 112 is refilled, fresh water will be introduced to the system which will eventually be filtered. As such, the filter housing 116 may be configured in such a way that the filter 118 can be removed periodically to be replaced. The filter 118 may be provided by any appropriate type of replacement filter (e.g. such as those manufactured by Brita). For example, the filter 118 may be a disposable carbon filter element.

Furthermore, the inlet portion 114 may also be removable from the main reservoir 112. In use, the inlet portion 114 may be temporarily secured in place for example by clips or some other form of retaining means. However, in order to allow the main reservoir 112 and the inlet portion 114 to be effectively cleaned, and/or for the filter 118 to be replaced, the inlet portion 114 may be removable.

It will be understood that the entire volume of the main reservoir 112 will be available for the storage of water, including the volume which is also contained within the inlet portion 114 (except for the displacement caused by the volume of the walls and the filter itself). That is, because of the continuous circulation, water can effectively be stored in the inlet portion 114 as well as in the main reservoir 112. As such, the use of an inlet portion 114 does not significantly reduce the volume of liquid storage available within the apparatus 100, thereby maximising the volume of water that can be stored for a given overall size of apparatus 100. This will be understood to be particularly beneficial for a countertop dispensing apparatus 100 which should make as efficient use of space as possible, so as to avoid being unnecessarily large and difficult to position or access.

As mentioned briefly above, the circulation path P1 causes water to pass through a cooling assembly 130. The cooling assembly 130 may be configured to cool the liquid passing along the circulation path P1 so as to provide chilled water upon return to the inlet portion 114. In this way, whilst the water is filtered the water contained within the reservoir can also be cooled so as to provide a more optimised beverage quality. Of course, it will also be understood that the cooling assembly described herein could be used with alternative filtration systems (or even without filtration).

Conventional cooling systems may use a traditional refrigeration cycle incorporating a compressor and an expansion chamber. Such cooling systems require a number of large components and typically generate significant noise and heat. While such an arrangement could be used within the apparatus 100, it may be preferred to use a more compact cooling assembly such as that described in more detail below.

FIG. 4a shows the cooling assembly 130 in more detail. The cooling assembly 130 comprises first and second body portions 131, 133 which are configured to support the various further components described in more detail below. The cooling assembly 130 further comprises a chiller block 150, a cooling element 152, a hot side heat exchange at 154, an air circulation device 156, and insulation 158 for the chiller block. The chiller block 150 defines a liquid pathway from an inlet 130 a to an outlet 130 b. The chiller block 150 therefore provides a path for water flowing along the circulation path P1 under the influence of the pump 128.

A number of baffles or ribs may be provided within the chiller block so as to disrupt the flow of water between the inlet 130 a and the outlet 130 b, increasing the transfer of heat from the water to the chiller block 150. The chiller block may, for example, be similar to that shown in FIG. 7.

The chiller block 150 may be formed out of a metal, such as, for example, aluminium or copper which provides for efficient conduction of heat away from the water. The surface of the chiller block 150 is directly coupled to the cooling element 152. The cooling element 152 may, for example, be a solid-state Peltier cooling element operating from a voltage source of 12V DC.

The Peltier cooling element 152 is controlled by the controller 144 and is provided with a power supply (not shown) which causes a first side 152 a of the cooling element to become cold, and a second side 152 b of the cooling element 152 to become warm. In this way, heat is transferred away from the cold side 152 a towards the hot side 152 b thereby cooling the water flowing within the chiller block 150 which is attached to the cold side 152 a. Heat is removed from the hot side 152 b of the chiller block 152 and passed to the hot side heat exchanger 154 which comprises a plurality of metal fins 160 (e.g. as shown in more detail in FIG. 15). The air circulation device 156 may be suitably provided by a fan which is configured to draw air over the fins 160 thereby causing thermal energy to be removed by process of forced convection.

It will, of course, be appreciated that alternative cooling assemblies may be used where preferred. Furthermore, the cooling apparatus may be omitted entirely in some embodiments where chilled water is not required. It will also be understood that various components of the cooling assembly may be altered or omitted as required. For example, the fan 156 may be omitted, with natural convection currents caused by the hot side heat exchanger 154 being used to transfer away excess heat.

The insulation 158 provided around the chiller block serves to insulate the coldest part of the cooling assembly 130 (i.e. the cold side 152 a of the cooling element 152) from the hottest part (i.e. the hot side 152 a of the cooling element 152, and the heat exchanger 154).

It will be understood that in some chilled water systems the cold side of a cooling element (such as a Peltier cooling element), or alternatively a cold side heat exchanger, may be provided in direct contact with a volume of stored water within a reservoir. Such an arrangement may provide a cooling source within the reservoir and may cause convective currents within the reservoir to transfer water around, thereby gradually cooling the entire contents of the reservoir. It will be understood, however, that in such an arrangement it will be necessary for the components of the reservoir to be connected to a power source so as to power the cooling element.

However, by providing the cooling assembly within the body of the dispensing apparatus 100 which is separated from the reservoir assembly 102, as described above, it is possible to make the reservoir assembly 102 removable, so as to provide for easy refilling and cleaning.

In order to preserve the cooled water at a desirable temperature, the reservoir 112 is provided with insulation 121 to reduce the extent to which the temperature of the water within the reservoir reverts to the ambient temperature. A target operating temperature may be set (e.g. at 6 degrees Celsius). Thus, if this temperature is reached, the cooling assembly 130 may be turned off. During cooling, the cooling assembly 130 may consume an amount of energy which varies in accordance with the rate of cooling. For example, the cooling assembly may consume around 60-80 W. It will be appreciated that the cooling assembly may be disabled during dispensing, so as to reduce the overall power drawn by the apparatus 100.

It will be understood that the above described cooling system may gradually cause the entire contents of the reservoir 112 to be cooled (while it is also being filtered). Over a period of several hours, several litres of homogenously cooled water can be generated without the need for a traditional refrigeration system including a compressor. FIG. 5 shows exemplary performance of a cooling element of the type described above when cooling water which is initially at an ambient temperature of around 22 degrees. The horizontal axis shows time in hours while the vertical axis shows temperature in degrees Celsius. It can be seen that after approximately 1 hour the temperature of the water has been reduced to around 14 degrees Celsius, after two hours the temperature has fallen to around 9 degrees Celsius, after three hours the temperature has fallen to around 6 degrees Celsius, and after four hours the temperature has fallen to around 4 degrees Celsius. This typifies the performance of cooling element of the type described above. It will be understood therefore that this system can provide for a convenient way of providing chilled and filtered water to a beverage dispensing apparatus.

It will, of course, be understood that the above described embodiments are exemplary and that a number of modifications may be made as required. For example, the cooling system may be omitted entirely. Similarly, in certain embodiments the cooling system may be replaced by, or used in combination with, a heating system. In such an embodiment, the water stored within the reservoir 112 may be heated to a desired operating temperature, rather than cooled. In embodiments the controller 144 may be configured to select either a cooling or a heating mode of operation at a particular time depending on the beverage which is to be dispensed. In general terms, the cooling assembly 130 and/or any heating system, may be referred to as thermal management devices, since each are configured to manage or control the temperature of the liquid contained within the apparatus 100.

It will further be understood that the inlet reservoir 115 contained within the inlet portion 114 may be provided separately from the main reservoir 112 (as described above) or may be provided integrally within a reservoir 112. For example, the two reservoir components may be formed in any convenient way (e.g. either separately or together) but joined together for use so as to operate as a single component.

Furthermore, in some alternative arrangements, the inlet reservoir 115 may be provided within the main body of the apparatus 100, and therefore separately from the main reservoir 112. In such an arrangement, filtered water may be returned to the main reservoir 112 from the first and second pathways (PF, PB) from the inlet portion 114 when water is provided along the circulation path P1. However, the main reservoir 112 may be removable so as to provide for easy filling. In such an arrangement the main reservoir may be filled directly from a tap and then replaced on the apparatus 100 in such a way that none of the water initially filled into the main reservoir has been filtered. Then, once the reservoir 112 has been replaced onto the apparatus 100 the pump 128 will cause the water to gradually circulate around the circulation path P1, so as to be filtered by the filter 118 before returning to the main reservoir 112. In this way, it will be understood that it is not essential for the inlet portion 114 to be contained within the main reservoir 112.

In some embodiments, the inlet reservoir may be relatively small. Further, in some embodiments the filter may effectively be provided in-line, such that almost all of the water flowing along the circulation path P1 is pass through the filter 118, and via filter pathway PF, with the bypass path PB being essentially an overflow safety feature to prevent overflow.

On the other hand, in some embodiments the liquid circulation path P1 may be omitted entirely. That is, the apparatus may be configured so as to provide a single filtration step when water is first provided into the reservoir 112 but not to provide ongoing continuous filtration. While the quality of water filtration may not be as high in this arrangement, a simplified fluid flow path can be provided.

In the above described embodiments the inlet portion 114 is provided at the top of the main reservoir 112. In this way gravity can be used to cause water to flow through the filter 118 (via path PF), and through the bypass aperture 117 (via path PB). However, in alternative arrangements, the inlet portion and filter may be provided at another location, such as for example at the base of the reservoir 112. In such an arrangement whereas the main reservoir 112 may be filled via an opening provided at the top, the circulation path P1 may return water to an inlet reservoir which is provided at the base of the reservoir 112 such that the refill aperture (i.e. top opening) and the recirculation inlet aperture 122 are in different positions. In such an arrangement water may be forced into the inlet aperture at the base of the main reservoir 112 under the pressure caused by the pump 128 and may then be forced through a filter element 118 which is contained within the base of the reservoir 112. Alternatively, a second pump may be used to cause water to flow from the inlet reservoir back into the main reservoir 112 if required.

In some embodiments additional components may also be provided. For example, a temperature sensor may be provided at a convenient location within the fluid circulation path P1 (e.g. at an inlet or an outlet or the cooling assembly 130). The temperature sensor may be configured to monitor the temperature of liquid flowing along the liquid circulation path P1. Data generated by the temperature sensor may be indicative of the temperature of the liquid contained within the reservoir 112. In this way, it may be possible to control the operation of the chilling element so as to achieve an optimum temperature.

Alternatively, or in addition, the temperature sensor described above may be used to provide an indication of the filtration status of a liquid contained within the reservoir 112. For example, based upon a known rate of cooling provided by the cooling assembly 130, it may be possible to monitor the extent to which water contained within the reservoir 112 has been filtered. That is, there may be a known relationship between the rate of cooling of the liquid and the rate of filtration of the liquid.

Furthermore, the pressure sensor 140 (which itself may be omitted) may, in some circumstances, be used to provide an indication of the volume of water contained within the main reservoir 112. For example, hydrostatic pressure may be monitored, thereby allowing significant events such as when the reservoir 112 is refilled to be detected.

When the reservoir 112 is filled with fresh water it will be understood that the cooling and filtration loads may be increased until the water contained within the reservoir has been chilled and filtered to the optimal level. Therefore, by combining data generated by the pressure sensor 140, and a temperature sensor, it may be possible to monitor the filtration status of the water contained within the reservoir 112. Moreover, the pressure sensor may be configured to provide an output indicative of a level of liquid within the reservoir.

In some embodiments the controller 144 may be configured to use data generated by one or more sensors to provide an output to a user. For example, a warning light may be illuminated if a low water level is detected. Alternatively, when the filter has been used for a predetermined period of time, or when the filter load is determined to meet some other predetermined criterion (e.g. volume of water filtered, volume of fresh water filtered), it may be indicated to a user that the filter 118 should be replaced. For example, a filter replacement warning may be generated based upon data indicative of a number of filling cycles for which the filter has been used. This data itself may be generated, as described above, based upon the pressure sensor and the temperature data.

The filtration and cooling systems described above may be used as part of a beverage dispensing system 100 as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. Furthermore, while the above described operation focuses on the operation of the filtration and cooling systems, the dispensing operations will now be briefly described.

During a dispensing operation the second fluid path P2 may be used to cause liquid to flow from the reservoir 112 and through the bypass nozzle 128. In order to cause liquid to flow along this path P2 the first valve 132 may be operated so as to open a passageway between the inlet 132 a and the second outlet 132 c which is connected to the pipe 142 g and onto the bypass nozzle 138. As such, if it is required to dispense filtered and/or chilled water directly into the vessel 110 this can be achieved by using the second fluid path P2 in this way.

Alternatively, the third fluid path P3 may be used to provide chilled and filtered water to a dispensing apparatus 104 which injects water through the nozzle 136 into a mixing chamber 106. Within the mixing chamber, the water may be mixed with a beverage preparation ingredient (which may, for example, be released from a pod 120 by a suitable mechanism) and subsequently dispensed into the vessel 110. In order to cause water to flow along the third pathway P3 water may flow from the reservoir 112 via the pump 128 and into the inlet 132 a of the first valve 132 and then out of the first outlet 132 b of the first valve 132. From there, the water flows along part of the first pathway via the pipe 142 d and into the inlet 134 a of the second valve 134. However, rather than returning to the reservoir assembly 102 via the cooling assembly 130, the second valve 134 is actuated so as to form a pathway between the inlet 134 a and the second outlet 134 c. As such, water is caused to flow along the pipe 142 h and towards the dispensing nozzle 136.

It will be understood that the beverage preparation ingredient may be provided into a suitable mixing chamber 106 in any convenient way. For example, a pod 120 may be provided which contains the beverage preparation ingredient. The pod can be opened by some mechanical arrangement so as to release the contents into the mixing chamber 106 where the water is mixed together, for example by rotating the mixing chamber, or rotating a mixing paddle within the mixing chamber, before the water and dissolved beverage preparation ingredients are dispensed into the vessel 110.

In the above described embodiment there are said to be a plurality of apertures 119 from the filter housing 116 to the main reservoir 112 (providing path PF), and a single aperture 117 from the inlet reservoir 115 to the main reservoir 112 (providing path PB). However, it will be understood that alternative numbers of apertures may be provided as appropriate. Indeed, the first and second liquid flow paths can be provided in any convenient way.

While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, the same is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in character, it being understood that only the preferred embodiments have been shown and described and that all changes, equivalents, and modifications that come within the scope or spirit of the inventions defined by following claims are desired to be protected. It is also contemplated that structures and features embodied in the present examples can be altered, rearranged, substituted, deleted, duplicated, combined and added to each other. The articles “the”, “a”, and “and” are not necessarily limited to mean only one, but rather are inclusive and open-ended so as to include optionally multiple such elements.

The following description provides further information relating to some embodiments of the present disclosure, and describes a system and method for chilling liquids. It will be appreciated that this features described below can be combined with features of the disclosure set out above, as well as being considered separately to that set out above.

A conventional system of chilling liquids such as water includes a refrigeration cycle device, typically having a compressor and expansion chamber, which requires large components that make noise and heat.

An alternative is a Peltier device, an example of which is shown in FIG. 6. The Peltier device shown in FIG. 6 is a 40×40×3 mm Peltier thermoelectric device. This type of device is often used in low cost water coolers and is generally arranged to have the cold side of the solid state Peltier attached to an extruded aluminum finned element that projects into the water chamber. When the device is powered by low voltage source (12 VDC typically) the ‘cold side’ of the device conducts its thermal gradient to the extrusion and then the water gets cooled by convective effects in the water tank. The hot side of the device is connected to a large heatsink which is in turn attached to a fan that dissipated the heat into the surrounding air by a continuous flow of ambient air over the heatsink ribs.

FIGS. 7a and 7b show a photograph and schematic cutaway view of a standard water chill block 402 which might be used in combination with the Peltier device 400 shown in FIG. 6. FIG. 8 shows a cutaway view of a standard chiller tank 404 using a Peltier TE cooler in which a hot side and cold side heat exchangers are coupled to the Peltier cooling element. FIG. 9 shows further cutaway and complete standard chiller tanks using a Peltier TE cooler.

The described embodiments pertain to systems and methods of cooling liquids such as water using a Thermoelectric ‘Peltier’ solid state device. These embodiments are particularly well suited for incorporation into a drink making machine.

The new method proposed is based on a combination of needs:

-   -   A need to remove the water tank to refill it without making         electrical connections     -   A water tank that does not have a metal finned component inside         it     -   A water system that is cooled homogeneously via a pumped water         system to avoid a thermal gradient inside the water tank     -   Water that is continuously filtered through a disposable carbon         element so that over a period of time the water is stripped of         impurities and dissolved chemicals.

The method makes use of a water chiller block commonly used in computers to cool the main processor chip. In this case the normal use is to pump water through the chiller block labyrinth and then cool that pumped water via a radiator and fan system. FIG. 10 shows images of a computer processor cooling system.

For this application we have reversed the application and attach the chiller block to the cold side of the Peltier device and cycle the ambient temperature water through the water chill block via a filter element. The results show that over 3-4 hours we can obtain 2 liters of homogenously cooled water without the need for a traditional compressor

FIG. 11 shows a schematic view of a new chilled water system tank using a Peltier TE cooler, with the water tank shown removed. FIG. 12 shows a schematic view of a new chilled water system tank using a Peltier TE cooler assembled together—water flowing through filter continuously as it cycles through the chiller block. FIG. 13 shows the time taken to cool water with TE cooler for a 2 liter water tank at ambient temperature cycled through a test setup based on the circulation approach shown diagrammatically above. FIG. 14 shows a test rig full assembly with circulating pump and insulated 2 liter tank. FIGS. 15a to 15d show detail pictures of heat sink fan/blower and chiller block.

FIGS. 16 to 25 show various steps in a mix and dispense process. FIG. 16 shows a pod placed in a “brew head” of a dispenser, and also shows (inset) various components of the pod. FIG. 17 shows the lid being closed using a bail type handle. FIG. 18 shows, after the lid is closed, a water nozzle passing through a center hole of the pod, and then motorized rotation of both pod and mixing chamber. Finally, water enters the chamber through the nozzle and adheres to the walls of the mixing chamber via centrifugal force.

FIG. 19 shows the lid being closed further to a hard stop. Further closure of the lid releases a spring force in the nozzle assembly that creates sudden downward force on the center of the cup portion of the pod. The force applied by the nozzle assembly flexes the lateral pod surfaces, causing the center shaft of the pod to be driven downward, thereby driving downward the plunger, which will break film seal on the outer rim of the pod.

Powdered contents are then released into the mixing chamber. Continued rotation of the pod and mixing chamber cause the powder to collect along the vertical inner walls of the chamber.

FIG. 20 shows continued rotation of the pod and mixing chamber, which causes the powder to collect along the vertical inner walls of the chamber. The water spray is stopped. FIG. 21 shows continued rotation which sends powder material into suspension. FIG. 22 shows rotation of mixing chamber being periodically slowed, in order to create turbulence for better mixing outcome. FIG. 23 shows active rotation and slowing which occurs several times, allowing far more homogenous suspension of powdered contents. In FIG. 24, active rotation and slowing occurs several times, allowing for more homogenous suspension of powdered contents. Finally, in FIG. 25, rotation of the pod and mixing chanter is ultimately stopped, allowing mixed contents to exit through the open bottom of the mixing chamber.

Benefits of the described embodiments include:

-   -   Extraction of pod contents without any dispenser components         penetrating the pod interior to cut or tear the lid open.     -   Centrifugal start/stop action to mix powder and water as an         alternative to a propeller or other physical stirring component         that would need to enter the slurry to create turbulence.     -   The benefit of a valve-less open bottom mixing chamber, which         controls the mixed contents by virtue of forces related to         rotation at a high speed.     -   The good cleaning and maintenance potential (avoiding residue         build up in mixing chamber) of a mixing chamber that has a         smooth interior, with minimal physical features that would trap         whetted powder. There is also a potential for a cleaning sub         cycle to the dispense sequence, where a second spritz of only         water is swirled in the chamber and allowed to exit to the drink         container, before the dispense cycle is complete.

Specifications of certain structures and components of the present invention have been established in the process of developing and perfecting prototypes and working models. These specifications are set forth for purposes of describing an embodiment, and setting forth the best mode, but should not be construed as teaching the only possible embodiment. Rather, modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims. It should be understood that all specifications, unless otherwise stated or contrary to common sense, are +1-10%, and that ranges of values set forth inherently include those values, as well as all increments between. Also it should be understood that “substantially” and the like should be construed to mean generally, but allowing for irregularities due to material or manufacturing differences, human variances, and so forth.

Embodiments described herein can be understood with reference to the following numbered clauses:

1) A system for chilling liquids including:

-   -   A. An insulated tank;     -   B. An outlet external to but in fluid communication with said         water tank, said outlet configured to transport liquids from         said tank;     -   C. An chiller external to but in fluid communication with said         tank, said chiller downstream from said outlet;     -   D. An inlet external to but in fluid communication with said         water tank, said inlet configured to transports liquids to said         tank, said inlet downstream from said chiller.         2) The system of clause 1 wherein said insulated tank is         separable from said chiller.         3) The system of clause 2 wherein said insulated tank is         separable from said outlet.         4) The system of clause 2 wherein said insulated tank is         separable from said inlet.         5) The system of clause 1 further comprising a pump. 

1. A system for filtering liquid for use in a beverage preparation system comprising: a liquid storage reservoir for storing a liquid for beverage preparation; a liquid inlet reservoir; a filter receiving portion configured to receive a filter, such that, in use, a filter is provided between said liquid inlet reservoir and said liquid storage reservoir and is, in use, configured to filter liquid passing from the liquid inlet reservoir to the liquid storage reservoir along a first liquid flow path; a second liquid flow path from the liquid inlet reservoir to the liquid storage reservoir which by-passes said filter.
 2. A system according to claim 1, wherein the inlet reservoir is configured to receive a liquid to be filtered.
 3. A system according to claim 1, further comprising: an outlet of the liquid storage reservoir and an inlet to the liquid inlet reservoir; wherein a liquid circulation path is defined from said outlet to said inlet.
 4. (canceled)
 5. A system according to claim 3, further comprising a circulation device configured to cause liquid to circulate along the liquid circulation path from the outlet to the inlet.
 6. A system according to claim 1, wherein the inlet reservoir is configured to allow liquid to pass along the second flow path if an inlet flow rate exceeds a filter flow rate.
 7. A system according to claim 1, wherein the inlet reservoir is configured to allow liquid to pass along the second flow path if an inlet reservoir liquid level exceeds a predetermined inlet reservoir liquid level.
 8. A system according to claim 1, wherein the filter is configured to allow liquid to filter through the filter along the first liquid flow path under the effect of gravity.
 9. (canceled)
 10. A system according to claim 3, further comprising a thermal management device configured to control a temperature of a liquid contained within the storage reservoir, wherein the thermal management device is configured to manage the temperature of liquid passing along the liquid circulation path. 11-12. (canceled)
 13. A system according to claim 10, wherein the thermal management device is provided external to, but in fluid communication with said storage reservoir.
 14. A system according to claim 10, wherein the thermal management device comprises a Peltier element.
 15. (canceled)
 16. A system according to claim 10, further comprising a temperature monitor configured to generate data indicative of a temperature of liquid within the storage reservoir. 17-20. (canceled)
 21. A system according to claim 1, wherein the inlet reservoir comprises a sub-region of the storage reservoir.
 22. A system according to claim 1, wherein the filter is removable.
 23. A system according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the storage reservoir and the inlet reservoir is an insulated reservoir. 24-25. (canceled)
 26. A system according to claim 1, wherein the storage reservoir is separable at least one other component of the system. 27-28. (canceled)
 29. A system according to claim 3, further comprising one or more controllable valves, configured to be controlled so as to dispense a liquid from the liquid storage reservoir.
 30. A beverage preparation system comprising a filtration system according to claim 1, wherein the storage reservoir is for storing a liquid for beverage preparation.
 31. (canceled)
 32. A beverage preparation system according claim 30, configured to dispense a beverage preparation ingredient and a volume of liquid from the reservoir to prepare a beverage.
 33. A beverage preparation system according to claim 32, further comprises a mixing assembly configured to mix the beverage preparation ingredient with the dispensed liquid to form a mixed beverage.
 34. A beverage preparation system according to claim 33, further configured to dispense said mixed beverage into a vessel. 35-50. (canceled) 